CentOS 8 中查看 IP 地址的几种方法

ip 命令是查看网络信息的主要工具,使用 ip addr show 命令可以查看网络接口的 IP 地址信息。例如:

$ ip addr show
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3:  mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:ce:29:53 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.100/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s3
       valid_lft 3477sec preferred_lft 3477sec

ifconfig 命令是旧式的网络配置工具,使用 ifconfig 命令也可以查看网络接口的 IP 地址信息。例如:

$ ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.100  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fece:2953  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 08:00:27:ce:29:53  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1140  bytes 126589 (123.6 KiB)
        TX packets 622  bytes 72553 (70.8 KiB)

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 12  bytes 960 (960.0 B)
        TX packets 12  bytes 960 (960.0 B)

nmcli 是 NetworkManager 命令行界面工具,使用 nmcli device show 命令可以查看网络接口的 IP 地址信息。例如:

$ nmcli device show
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         enp0s3
GENERAL.TYPE:                           ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         08:00:27:CE:29:53
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     enp0s3
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER:               on
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         192.168.1.100/24
IP4.GATEWAY:                            192.168.1.1
IP4.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = 0.0.0.0/0, nh = 192.168.1.1, mt = 100
IP4.ROUTE[2]:                           dst = 192.168.1.0/24, nh = 0.0.0.0, mt = 100
IP4.DNS[1]:                             192.168.1.1
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:                         fe80::a00:27ff:fece:2953/64
IP6.GATEWAY:                            --
IP6.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = fe80::/64, nh = ::, mt = 100

hostnamectl 命令可以查看主机的基本信息,包括 IP 地址信息。例如:

$ hostnamectl
   Static hostname: centos8
         Icon name: computer-vm
           Chassis: vm
        Machine ID: 9dab8e6f7f8d40859b6a5532f5f104fe
           Boot ID: 16416a068243424ab02d44c5077a7678
    Virtualization: oracle
  Operating System: CentOS Linux 8 (Core)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:8
            Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64
        IP Address: 192.168.1.100